The tight association between Sphagnum peat mosses and methane oxidizing bacteria (MOB) significantly reduces CH 4 emissions by peatlands and can be studied in more detail in the mesocosm setup developed in this study. By combining these with 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and qPCR analysis of the pmoA and mmoX genes, we showed that submerged Sphagnum mosses act as a niche for CH 4 oxidizing bacteria. We were able to mimic the field situation in the laboratory by using a novel mesocosm set-up. Here, we show that submerged Sphagnum peat mosses in rewetted-submerged peatlands can reduce CH 4 emission from peatlands with 93%. However, the created anoxic conditions will boost methane (CH 4) production and thus emission. 3B-WARE Research Centre, Nijmegen, NetherlandsÄegraded peatlands are often rewetted to prevent oxidation of the peat, which reduces CO 2 emission. 2Department of Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, IWWR, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.1Department of Microbiology, IWWR, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
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